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Epiphany, also known as Theophany or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day celebrated annually on January 6. It commemorates the revelation of Jesus Christ as the Son of God and human Messiah, with a particular focus on the visitation of the Magi (the Three Wise Men) to the baby Jesus, Jesus's baptism in the Jordan River by John the Baptist, and his first miracle at Cana.
Origins: The feast originated in the Eastern Christian churches and was a general celebration of Christ's birth. Over time, Western Christianity started to emphasize the visitation of the Magi on this day.
Vatican Celebrations: In Vatican City, which is the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Holy See and where the Pope resides, Epiphany is a significant event marked by solemn liturgical services.
Papal Mass: A highlight is a special Papal Mass held at St. Peter's Basilica. The Pope presides over this Mass, which draws thousands of pilgrims from around the world.
Traditions: While not specific to Vatican City alone, common traditions associated with Epiphany include blessing homes with chalk inscribed with numbers denoting the year and letters representing the initials of the three Magi.
Attendance at Mass: Catholics within Vatican City and from across Rome attend Mass on this holy day to honor Christ's revelation.
Pilgrimage: Some people make pilgrimages to Vatican City for this occasion to receive blessings and partake in communal worship.
Chalking Doors: Though more common in individual homes rather than at an official level within Vatican City, some may continue traditions like chalking their doors as part of Epiphany customs.
Epiphany remains an integral part of Christmas celebrations for many Christians worldwide, with Vatican City hosting some of its most notable liturgical observances.