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Eid al-Adha, also known as the Festival of Sacrifice, is one of the most significant Islamic holidays observed in Tanzania as well as around the world. It commemorates the willingness of Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son as an act of obedience to God's command. However, before Ibrahim could sacrifice his son, God provided a ram to sacrifice instead.
On Eid al-Adha, Tanzanian Muslims start their day with a special prayer called Salat al-Eid which is performed in large congregations. The prayer is usually held in open spaces like fields or large halls. After prayers, the tradition of Qurbani (sacrificial slaughter of livestock) takes place. Typically, animals such as goats, sheep, cows or camels are slaughtered; this practice signifies Ibrahim’s devotion and God’s mercy.
The meat from the sacrificed animal is divided into three parts: one part for the family, another part for relatives and friends, and the remaining third for the poor and needy. This distribution reflects the Islamic principles of charity and community solidarity.
Throughout Tanzania, Eid al-Adha is a time for wearing new clothes, visiting friends and relatives, exchanging gifts and enjoying feasts. Special dishes like pilau (spiced rice), biryani (layered rice and meat dish) and sweet treats are commonly prepared.
Children often receive small amounts of money or gifts from elders in a tradition known as "Eidi." The holiday also provides an opportunity for Muslims to forgive any past grievances and strengthen bonds within their community.
Eid al-Adha is a public holiday in Tanzania. Government offices, schools and many businesses are closed on this day. Public transport may run less frequently than usual due to reduced demand or operators taking time off to be with their families.
The date of Eid al-Adha varies each year according to the Islamic lunar calendar but it falls approximately 70 days after Eid al-Fitr at the end of Ramadan. Given that Tanzania has a significant Muslim population primarily along its coast and on islands such as Zanzibar where Islam is predominant, the festival holds substantial cultural importance.
