Nationalization of the Rocas in Sao Tome and Principe

Date: Nationalization of the Rocas is commemorated on March 3 every year.

History: The day marks a significant event in São Tomé and Príncipe's history when the government nationalized the roças—large agricultural plantations that were once owned by colonial entities, primarily the Portuguese. The roças were central to the country's economy, focusing on commodities like sugar, cocoa, and coffee. The nationalization of these plantations took place after São Tomé and Príncipe gained independence from Portugal on July 12, 1975. The move was aimed at redistributing land and resources that were previously controlled by a small number of colonial landowners.

Traditions: As a public holiday, Nationalization of the Rocas allows citizens to reflect on their nation's history and cultural identity. People may observe this day through:

• Educational events that highlight the importance of agrarian reform and its impact on society.
• Cultural displays that celebrate traditional practices related to agriculture and plantation life.
• Community gatherings where stories about the roças and their historical significance are shared.

What People Do: On this day, people in São Tomé and Príncipe might participate in:

• Local ceremonies or official government commemorations.
• Visits to historical plantations which may be open for guided tours.
• Discussions or seminars about land rights, economic development, and social justice.

The Nationalization of the Rocas serves as a reminder of São Tomé and Príncipe's journey towards self-determination and control over its natural resources.