Constitution Day in Poland

Date: May 3rd

Background: Constitution Day in Poland commemorates the adoption of the Polish Constitution on May 3, 1791. This historic document was Europe's first and the world's second modern codified national constitution, following the United States Constitution. It was a progressive step towards democratic governance during a time when Poland was under threat from neighboring powers.

History: The Constitution of May 3, 1791, was designed to redress long-standing political defects of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and its system of Golden Liberties, which had rendered the country vulnerable to foreign interference. The Constitution sought to implement fundamental reforms by strengthening the executive power, abolishing pernicious parliamentary institutions, and protecting the rights of peasants.

Unfortunately, Poland's neighbors saw this as a threat to their influence and responded by partitioning Poland out of existence in subsequent years. Despite this setback, the Constitution has remained a symbol of pride and is celebrated as a landmark in Poland's struggle for sovereignty and democracy.

Traditions:

• Public Celebrations: Parades, patriotic events, and military displays are common throughout Polish cities.
• Official Ceremonies: Government officials partake in formal ceremonies involving laying wreaths at monuments dedicated to national heroes.
• Flag Flying: It is customary for Poles to display national flags on their homes and other buildings.
• Cultural Events: Concerts featuring patriotic music and public performances often take place.
• Educational Activities: Schools may hold special lessons or activities focusing on Polish history and heritage.

What People Do: On Constitution Day in Poland, people generally enjoy a day off work as it is a national public holiday. They participate in or watch parades and celebrations that honor history and culture. Families might spend time together at home or attend various public events organized throughout cities and towns across the country.