National Day of Mourning in Panama

Date: January 9th

History:

The National Day of Mourning in Panama, also known as Martyrs' Day (Día de los Mártires), commemorates the tragic events of January 9, 1964. On this day, a series of riots over sovereignty and the right to fly the Panamanian flag in the Canal Zone escalated into violence. The unrest was sparked by tension between the United States and Panama regarding control over the Panama Canal Zone.

Panamanian students attempted to raise their flag next to the U.S. flag at Balboa High School in the Canal Zone, leading to clashes with U.S. military personnel and Canal Zone Police. The confrontation resulted in the deaths of more than 20 Panamanians and several U.S. soldiers, with hundreds injured.

This incident fueled nationalistic sentiments and was instrumental in subsequent negotiations that eventually led to the Torrijos-Carter Treaties, where control of the canal was gradually transferred from the United States to Panama.

Traditions:

On National Day of Mourning, Panama honors those who lost their lives during these riots through:

• Memorial Services: Solemn ceremonies are held at memorials dedicated to the martyrs.
• Flag Raising: The Panamanian flag is prominently displayed throughout the country.
• Educational Events: Schools often organize events that educate students about this significant day in Panamanian history.
• Moment of Silence: A moment of silence may be observed nationwide at 9:00 AM, marking when tensions first erupted.
• Cultural Activities: Exhibitions or presentations highlighting historical accounts from that period may take place.

What People Do:

People across Panama engage in remembrance activities such as:

• Attending commemorative ceremonies
• Participating in or watching parades and processions
• Reflecting on national identity and historical significance
• Visiting monuments dedicated to martyrs
• Engaging with cultural initiatives that honor those who were lost