Dissolution of Union With Sweden (1905) in Norway

Historical Background:

The dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden in 1905 marked the end of a partnership that had been established under the Treaty of Kiel in 1814. The union had granted Norway limited self-governance, while foreign policy was managed by the Swedish crown. Tensions arose over the years with increasing Norwegian dissatisfaction due to lack of full sovereignty and representation.

Key Events:

• May 27, 1905: The Norwegian parliament (Storting) passed a law establishing a separate Norwegian consular service, which Sweden refused to acknowledge.
• June 7, 1905: Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved after King Oscar II failed to approve the law for a separate consular service.
• August 13, 1905: A national referendum showed overwhelming support for dissolution among Norwegians.
• October 26, 1905: After negotiations, both Norway and Sweden recognized the dissolution through the signing of the Karlstad Convention.

Modern Observance:

June 7th is sometimes referred to as "Union Dissolution Day." However, it is not an official public holiday in Norway. The day is often commemorated with:

• Discussions and educational events about this significant moment in Norwegian history.
• Media coverage reflecting on Norway's road to full independence.
• Some local or cultural events may take place to celebrate Norway's sovereignty.

On this day, people generally do not engage in large-scale celebrations as they would on Constitution Day (May 17th), which is a much more festive national holiday in Norway. Instead, Union Dissolution Day serves as a historical observance and an opportunity to reflect on Norway's national identity and independence.