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The December Solstice, also known as the Winter Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, is the shortest day and longest night of the year. In Mongolia, this astronomical event usually occurs on December 21 or 22. It signifies the beginning of winter and has been historically important for nomadic cultures, marking a critical time for preparing for harsh weather conditions.
Traditionally, Mongolians have lived in close harmony with nature, and celestial events like the solstices were significant in their calendar. The solstice may have been observed to track time for practical purposes such as migration and livestock care. Ancient practices might have included shamanistic rituals or offerings to ancestral spirits, though much of this history isn't well-documented due to oral traditions.
In modern times, while some old customs may linger in rural areas, there is no widespread celebration specifically associated with the December Solstice. Instead, Mongolians prepare for Tsagaan Sar (White Moon), which is their lunar new year celebration occurring a few weeks later.
On this day, people in Mongolia typically go about their daily routines. Those who adhere to traditional ways may use this time to engage in preparations for the upcoming winter months. This includes securing adequate supplies of food and fuel and ensuring that livestock are sheltered from the extreme cold that characterizes Mongolian winters.
Due to its geographical location, Mongolia experiences extreme temperature variations between seasons, with winter being particularly severe. Hence, practical activities related to survival often overshadow cultural celebrations during this period of the year.
