June Solstice in Latvia

The June Solstice, known as the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, is a significant astronomical event that marks the onset of summer. In Latvia, it typically occurs around June 21st when the North Pole is tilted closest to the Sun, resulting in the longest day and shortest night of the year.

History and Traditions

Historically, Latvians celebrated this day as part of their pagan heritage, under the name Jāņi or Līgo. It is one of the most important national holidays in Latvia's cultural calendar and has deep roots in ancient agricultural traditions.

Latvians would originally celebrate by preparing their homes and surroundings with symbolic decorations such as wreaths and boughs from birch trees or oak branches. The use of flowers, particularly ferns, is also significant.

Modern Celebrations

Today, people continue to honor these traditions with various activities:

• Bonfires: Large bonfires are lit as a symbol of purification and to ward off evil spirits.
• Singing and Dancing: Folk songs and dances are performed throughout the night.
• Līgo Songs: Specific traditional songs related to Jāņi are sung to celebrate midsummer.
• Wreath Making: Men traditionally wear oak leaf wreaths while women wear wreaths made from flowers.
• Searching for the Fern Flower: According to legend, finding this mythical flower can bring fortune and happiness.
• Feasting: A festive meal often includes cheese with caraway seeds (Jāņu siers) and beer.

The June Solstice remains an essential part of Latvia's cultural heritage, blending ancient customs with modern festivities to welcome summer.