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The September Equinox, also known as the Autumnal Equinox, marks the moment when the sun crosses the celestial equator from north to south. In South Korea, this usually occurs around September 23rd but can vary slightly each year. This day is significant because it represents one of the two times in the year when day and night are approximately equal in length.
In Korean tradition, this period is known as "Chubun," which forms a part of the country's cultural observance of seasonal changes. Historically, Chubun is associated with ancestral worship and family. One traditional practice includes visiting the gravesites of ancestors to clean and pay respects, known as "Beolcho" or "Seongmyo." This reflects Korea’s strong Confucian influence which emphasizes filial piety.
Another custom during this time is preparing and consuming "Songpyeon," a type of rice cake that is typically made with various fillings and steamed on pine needles. Making songpyeon is not only a culinary practice but also a social activity that brings families together.
Today, while many modern South Koreans may not actively participate in all traditional customs, Chuseok (Korean Thanksgiving Day), which often falls near the autumn equinox, is still one of the most important holidays in South Korea. It's characterized by family reunions, traditional games, wearing hanbok (traditional Korean clothing), and enjoying a feast that includes dishes like songpyeon.
The September Equinox itself may be less celebrated than Chuseok; however, it remains an astronomical event that signifies the coming of fall and serves as a reminder of Korea’s agrarian past and cultural heritage.
The September Equinox serves as an integral marker for seasonal transition within the fabric of South Korean culture.