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Emperor's Birthday is a national holiday in Japan that celebrates the birthday of the reigning emperor. The tradition began during the Meiji era, and the date of the holiday changes to correspond with the birthday of the current emperor.
Current Date: The current Emperor, Naruhito, was born on February 23, Emperor's Birthday is observed on February 23 each year. Before him, his father, Emperor Akihito, who abdicated in 2019, was born on December 23.
Historical Background: The tradition started with Emperor Meiji whose birthday was celebrated on November 3. It became a public holiday as part of efforts to modernize and strengthen national identity following the fall of the shogunate and restoration of imperial rule.
Traditions: On this day:
Imperial Palace: The Imperial Palace in Tokyo opens its doors to the public. This happens only twice a year—the other instance being January 2—and it's an opportunity for people to see parts of the palace grounds that are normally closed off.
Public Appearances: The emperor makes several public appearances on a balcony at the palace to acknowledge well-wishers who come to celebrate his birthday. He is usually accompanied by other members of the imperial family.
Well-Wishes: Citizens wave Japanese flags and often shout "Banzai" which is a traditional Japanese exclamation meaning "ten thousand years", wishing long life and happiness to His Majesty.
What People Do: Apart from visiting the Imperial Palace:
Many Japanese take advantage of this holiday to spend time with family or participate in celebrations around their local communities.
Some may attend local events or exhibitions related to the imperial family or Japanese culture.
Cancellations/Changes: In some years, if there are circumstances such as mourning periods for deceased members of the imperial family or national crises, public celebrations may be muted or canceled.
The Emperor's Birthday serves as one component in Japan’s calendar that reflects respect towards their monarchy while also offering citizens a moment for national reflection and unity.
