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The demise of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), also known as the Prophet's Death Anniversary, is a somber occasion for Muslims around the world. He passed away on the 12th of Rabi' al-awwal, the third month in the Islamic calendar, in the year 632 CE in Medina. This day is not universally commemorated due to differences in Islamic traditions; Sunni and Shia Muslims observe his death on different days. However, it is generally a time for reflection on his life and teachings.
Imam Hassan (AS), the grandson of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the second Shia Imam, was martyred by poisoning. According to historical records, his martyrdom occurred on Safar 7th or Rabi' al-awwal 28th in the Islamic calendar, depending on different narrations. This event took place in the year 670 CE. His martyrdom is mourned particularly by Shia Muslims.
In Iran, where Shia Islam is predominant, both events are marked with great reverence. The specific dates may vary due to lunar calendar calculations.
Traditions include:
Religious Gatherings: People attend mosques and religious centers to participate in ceremonies that commemorate these events.
Speeches and Sermons: Scholars and religious leaders deliver speeches about the life, teachings, and moral virtues of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Imam Hassan (AS).
Mourning Rituals: For Imam Hassan's martyrdom, traditional mourning rituals such as majalis (commemorative gatherings), recitation of elegies (marthiyas), and beating of chests may take place.
Charity: It’s common for people to give charity on these days as an act of goodwill and to honor their memories.
Distribution of Food: Communal meals or distribution of food among the poor are also common practices.
Each year, these observances serve as a time for Muslims, especially in Iran, to express their grief over these solemn events and to remember the important legacies left behind by these pivotal figures in Islam.
