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Naraka Chaturdasi, also known as Choti Diwali, is an important Hindu festival celebrated on the 14th day of the Krishna Paksha (waning moon phase) in the month of Ashvin according to the Hindu lunar calendar. This typically falls in October or November in the Gregorian calendar. The day is significant as it precedes the main Diwali festival by one day.
The festival of Naraka Chaturdasi commemorates the legend of Lord Krishna's victory over a demon named Narakasura, who had captured and imprisoned 16,000 daughters of gods and saints. Krishna, along with his wife Satyabhama, defeated Narakasura, freeing the captives and killing the demon. In memory of this event, Naraka Chaturdasi symbolizes the triumph of good over evil and light over darkness.
On Naraka Chaturdasi:
Early Morning Rituals: People wake up before sunrise for a ritual oil bath, which signifies cleansing oneself of sin and impurities. It is believed that taking this bath can equate to bathing in the holy river Ganges.
Lighting Diyas: Homes are lit with diyas (earthen lamps) and decorated to welcome prosperity and ward off evil spirits.
Rangoli Designs: Colorful rangoli patterns are drawn at entrances as a sign of auspiciousness.
Worship: Devotees perform puja (worship) to invoke divine blessings. Prayers are offered to Lord Krishna or sometimes to Yama, the god of death, for protection from untimely death.
Fireworks: Although less grand than on Diwali night, some people also light fireworks on Naraka Chaturdasi.
People visit friends and relatives to exchange gifts and sweets as a gesture of goodwill. Special festive dishes are prepared, and many regions have their own particular traditions associated with food during this time.
In summary, Naraka Chaturdasi is a day that combines religious rituals with vibrant cultural practices preparing for the grand celebration of Diwali that follows.
