17th of Tammuz in Israel

History:

The 17th of Tammuz is a Jewish fast day commemorating the breach of the walls of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 586 BCE, leading to the destruction of the First Temple, and later, after a period of Roman rule, the breaching of Jerusalem's walls by the Romans in 70 CE before the destruction of the Second Temple. It marks the beginning of a three-week mourning period leading up to Tisha B'Av, which commemorates the destruction of both Temples.

Traditions:

• Fasting: From dawn until dusk, Jews abstain from eating and drinking.
• Prayer: Special prayers and readings from the Torah, including lamentations and penitential prayers known as "Selichot," are recited.
• Torah Study: Some avoid studying Torah topics that are joyous; instead, they focus on sections related to destruction and exile.

Observance:

On this day, many Jews in Israel will attend synagogue services. Religious services often include reading from Exodus about the shattering of the Tablets and from Isaiah on fasting and repentance. Observant Jews refrain from celebratory events such as weddings. Additionally:

• Breaking Habits: Some use this day to work on personal growth by breaking bad habits.
• Reflection: It's a time for introspection and considering ways to improve oneself and one's community.

It is worth noting that public observance in Israel varies widely with religious affiliation; secular Israelis might not observe it at all while religious communities observe it with more stringency.