Muharram in Egypt

Muharram is the first month of the Islamic calendar and holds significant religious importance for Muslims. In Egypt, as in other parts of the Muslim world, Muharram is a time for both solemn reflection and communal gatherings.

History

The 10th day of Muharram, known as Ashura, is particularly important. Historically, it marks the day when Prophet Moses and the Israelites were saved from Pharaoh's tyranny. However, for Shia Muslims, Ashura also commemorates the martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, at the Battle of Karbala in 680 AD.

Traditions

Egyptian Muslims observe Muharram with various traditions that reflect their cultural heritage:

• Fasting: Some Sunnis fast on the 9th and 10th days of Muharram following the tradition that Prophet Muhammad fasted on these days. This practice is believed to expiate sins from the previous year.

• Charitable Deeds: Many Egyptians engage in charitable acts during this month as a way to start their year on a positive note.

• Sufi Gatherings: In some parts of Egypt, Sufi Muslims hold special dhikr (remembrance) sessions and spiritual gatherings.

• Ashura Observances: While Sunni Muslims consider Ashura a day of fasting, Shia communities may participate in mourning activities to honor Husayn ibn Ali's sacrifice.

What People Do

On Muharram and especially Ashura:

• Gatherings: People may attend mosque services more frequently and gather with family to share meals after evening prayers.

• Ashura Meals: It's customary for people to prepare and distribute special dishes like Ashura pudding (also known as Noah's Pudding), which is shared with neighbors and the poor.

• Spiritual Reflection: Many take time for personal reflection on life’s purpose and renewing one’s faith.

In Egypt specifically:

• Taziyeh Performances: In some areas with Shia communities, there might be passion plays known as Taziyeh that depict events surrounding Husayn ibn Ali's death.

While traditions can vary across regions and between Sunni and Shia communities within Egypt, Muharram remains a time marked by piety, reflection on Islamic history, communal solidarity, and acts of kindness.