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Shavuot, also known as the Feast of Weeks, is a Jewish holiday that occurs on the 6th day of the Hebrew month of Sivan. It marks the anniversary of the day when God gave the Torah to the Israelites at Mount Sinai. In Israel and among Reform Jews, Shavuot is celebrated for one day. However, in many Jewish communities outside Israel, including those in Germany, it is customary to observe Shavuot for two days.
Diaspora Observance: The tradition to observe an extra day stems from ancient times when Jewish communities outside of Israel had difficulty determining the exact date of holidays. To ensure they did not miss it, they celebrated holidays for an additional day.
Torah Reading: On Shavuot, it is traditional to read from the Torah. On the second day specifically, readings often include parts of Exodus or Deuteronomy that recount the Ten Commandments.
Book of Ruth: The Book of Ruth is also read during Shavuot because its story takes place during harvest time and Ruth's conversion to Judaism mirrors the acceptance of the Torah by the Jewish people.
Synagogue Services: Jews in Germany attend synagogue services where special prayers are said and liturgical poems known as Akdamut are recited.
Dairy Foods: It is customary to eat dairy foods on Shavuot. In Germany, this might include cheesecake, blintzes (cheese-filled pancakes), and other milk-based treats.
Learning: Some individuals engage in Tikkun Leil Shavuot, an all-night study session on the eve of Shavuot where various texts are studied.
Decoration: Synagogues and homes are often decorated with flowers and greenery to commemorate how Mount Sinai blossomed with flowers on this occasion.
Charity: Giving charity (tzedakah) is another common practice during this holiday period as a way to show kindness and uphold social justice principles found in Torah teachings.
The second day of Shavuot reflects both historical practices and contemporary observances within Jewish communities in Germany. It serves as a time for learning, prayer, celebration with festive meals, and community engagement through tradition.
