Night of Broken Glass Remembrance Day in Germany

Date: November 9th

Historical Background: The Night of Broken Glass, also known as Kristallnacht, refers to a pogrom against Jews carried out by SA paramilitary forces and civilians throughout Nazi Germany on November 9-10, 1938. Jewish homes, schools, and businesses were destroyed, synagogues were burned down, and thousands of Jews were arrested and transported to concentration camps. This event signaled a turning point in Nazi anti-Jewish policy that would culminate in the Holocaust.

Traditions: On Night of Broken Glass Remembrance Day (Kristallnacht Gedenktag), Germans commemorate the victims of the pogrom and reflect on its significance:

• Memorial Services: Synagogues and communities hold services to remember those who suffered and died.
• Educational Programs: Schools and institutions organize educational events focusing on Jewish history and the consequences of bigotry.
• Candle Lighting: Individuals light candles at memorials or in their own homes as a symbol of remembrance.
• Exhibitions: Museums may host special exhibitions related to Jewish history, Kristallnacht, or the Holocaust.
• Political Addresses: Government officials often make speeches condemning anti-Semitism and promoting tolerance.

What People Do: On this day, Germans take time to honor the memory of those affected by Kristallnacht through various acts of remembrance:

• Attending ceremonies at memorials for the victims.
• Participating in silent vigils or processions.
• Engaging with historical documentation through visits to exhibitions or reading personal testimonies.
• Joining interfaith dialogues aimed at promoting understanding between different communities.

Through these activities, people across Germany pay tribute to the victims of Kristallnacht while committing themselves to fight against anti-Semitism and racism.