Kwanzaa (First Day) in Canada

Date: December 26th

History: Kwanzaa is a cultural festival that honors African heritage in African-American culture, and it is observed from December 26th to January 1st. It was created in 1966 by Dr. Maulana Karenga, a professor of Africana Studies, as a way to bring African-Americans together and preserve their heritage following the Watts riots in Los Angeles, California.

Although Kwanzaa originated in the United States, it has been adopted by some African-Canadian communities across Canada. It is not a religious holiday but rather a cultural one with an emphasis on community and cultural values.

Traditions: On the first day of Kwanzaa, families gather to light the Kinara (candle holder), which holds seven candles—each representing one of the seven principles (Nguzo Saba) of Kwanzaa. The first candle is black and represents unity (Umoja), which is also the focus of this day.

Families often decorate their homes with art, colorful African cloth like kente, and fresh fruits that represent African idealism. A central place is set for the Kwanzaa set which includes the Kinara, a mat (Mkeka), ears of corn (Vibunzi), and symbolic gifts (Zawadi).

Activities:

• Lighting the Kinara: On the first night, participants light the black candle placed at the center.
• Discussion: Families discuss what unity means to them and how they can implement this principle throughout the year.
• Sharing Libation: A libation might be poured out as an act of remembrance and honor for ancestors.
• Communal Meal: Often they will share a communal meal that includes traditional African dishes or those made from ingredients Africans brought to America.
• Artistic Performances: Music, dance or poetry may be part of the celebration.

The first day sets off a week-long series of events each dedicated to one principle; subsequent days are dedicated to self-determination (Kujichagulia), collective work and responsibility (Ujima), cooperative economics (Ujamaa), purpose (Nia), creativity (Kuumba), and faith (Imani).