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The December Solstice, also known as the Winter Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere, marks the shortest day and the longest night of the year. In Bulgaria, this astronomical event typically occurs on December 21 or 22. It signifies the official start of winter and has been celebrated for centuries due to its importance to agricultural cycles and cultural beliefs.
Historically, the December Solstice was intertwined with ancient pagan traditions. In Bulgarian culture, this time is associated with the celebration of Enyovden (St. John's Eve) which actually takes place in June but is related to solstice customs. As Christianity spread, many pagan customs were merged with Christian holidays.
A notable Bulgarian tradition linked to this period is Koleduvane, part of Christmas celebrations where groups of boys and young men called "koledari" visit houses starting from Christmas Eve, singing carols and wishing prosperity. While not directly on the solstice day itself, these customs are part of the broader winter festivities influenced by it.
Today in Bulgaria, while there may not be specific celebrations for the December Solstice itself as in ancient times, it still marks an important time within a season filled with festivities like Christmas (Koleda) and New Year's. People spend time with family, prepare traditional foods, and enjoy various winter activities.
Modern-day observances are more likely to be focused on these surrounding holidays rather than on solstice rituals. However, some Bulgarians might still observe old traditions or engage in practices such as making special bread or honoring household spirits during this period that were once closely associated with the solstice.