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History and Traditions: Christmas Eve, known as "Badni vecher" in Bulgarian, is a significant day full of customs that are steeped in the Orthodox Christian faith and also influenced by pre-Christian beliefs. The traditions are deeply rooted in family values and the commemoration of the birth of Jesus Christ.
One of the most important traditions on Christmas Eve is the preparation of an odd number of lenten dishes, usually 7, 9, or 11. This reflects the abstinence from meat and animal products on this day. A key component of these dishes is a special round bread called "pita," which has a coin baked inside it. Whoever finds the coin is said to have good luck for the upcoming year.
Another custom involves spreading straw under the tablecloth at dinner to symbolize the manger where Jesus was born. An extra place is often set for an unexpected guest, symbolizing hospitality and remembrance of ancestors.
Activities: On Christmas Eve, families come together to enjoy a meal that marks the culmination of fasting periods during Advent. It's common for family members to take part in preparing the meal.
Children may engage in "koleduvane" – going from house to house singing carols to wish health and prosperity to their neighbors. This activity usually takes place on Christmas rather than Christmas Eve but can vary by region.
After dinner, many Bulgarians attend midnight church services to celebrate the Nativity. It's a time for reflection, spirituality, and coming together with community members.
Christmas Eve in Bulgaria remains largely traditional, with families cherishing this time to uphold customs passed down through generations while ushering in Christmas Day's joyous celebrations.
